From 10610fb76b57203ecaee8dbb96019db2b28547e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Joseph Ferano <joseph@ferano.io>
Date: Sun, 20 Sep 2026 13:54:07 +0700
Subject: [PATCH] The corpus program for a cast that opens a box

---
 runtime/flan_dyn.c          |  4 +--
 runtime/flan_dyn_stub.c     |  2 +-
 test/programs/dyn-cast.flan | 72 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 75 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 test/programs/dyn-cast.flan

diff --git a/runtime/flan_dyn.c b/runtime/flan_dyn.c
index 8e13dd4..3a4436f 100644
--- a/runtime/flan_dyn.c
+++ b/runtime/flan_dyn.c
@@ -1219,8 +1219,8 @@ int32_t flan_dyn_cast_kind(flan_dyn v, const uint8_t *loc, int64_t loc_len,
             "flan %.*s: (%.*s x) found a dyn holding %s, and converted it to "
             "%.*s — warned once for this site\n",
             (int)loc_len, (const char *)loc, (int)target_len,
-            (const char *)target, tag_of(v), (int)target_len,
-            (const char *)target);
+            (const char *)target, is_float ? "a float" : "an int",
+            (int)target_len, (const char *)target);
   }
   return is_float;
 }
diff --git a/runtime/flan_dyn_stub.c b/runtime/flan_dyn_stub.c
index b11cff6..ce64ee7 100644
--- a/runtime/flan_dyn_stub.c
+++ b/runtime/flan_dyn_stub.c
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@ int32_t flan_dyn_cast_kind(flan_dyn v, const uint8_t *loc, int64_t loc_len,
               "flan %.*s: (%.*s x) found a dyn holding %s, and converted it "
               "to %.*s — warned once for this site\n",
               (int)loc_len, (const char *)loc, (int)target_len,
-              (const char *)target, is_float ? "float" : "int",
+              (const char *)target, is_float ? "a float" : "an int",
               (int)target_len, (const char *)target);
     }
   }
diff --git a/test/programs/dyn-cast.flan b/test/programs/dyn-cast.flan
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac52711
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/programs/dyn-cast.flan
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+;;;; A numeric cast opens a dyn box — FIX.org 2026-09-20.
+;;;;
+;;;; Before this, a typed parameter was the only thing in the language that
+;;;; could open a box, so a program wanting a number out of a dyn wrote a
+;;;; one-line function whose parameter slot did the unboxing and called that.
+;;;; A cast is the operator for "convert this to that", so it is the spelling
+;;;; that should have worked; here it does.
+;;;;
+;;;; Three behaviours, in the order main runs them:
+;;;;
+;;;; 1. Same kind. The box holds what the cast asks for, so the cast is the
+;;;;    unbox and nothing else is written or warned.
+;;;; 2. Cross kind. The box holds the other number. The cast still converts —
+;;;;    exactly as the same cast converts a typed operand of that type — and
+;;;;    one line goes to stderr naming the site. The two cross-kind casts here
+;;;;    sit inside a dotimes that runs them eight times each, and stderr gets
+;;;;    two lines, because the warning is per *site*: these casts live in frame
+;;;;    loops and a per-value line would be a flood rather than a diagnostic.
+;;;; 3. A box holding something that is not a number. That still traps, the way
+;;;;    a typed parameter traps on it today, and the runtime owns the sentence.
+;;;;    It is the last thing main does, so everything above it has printed.
+
+;; The box. Unannotated parameters are dyn, so this is the boxing site and the
+;; call below is where a typed literal crosses in.
+(defn as-dyn [x] dyn x)
+
+(defn main [] ()
+  (let [i (as-dyn 7)
+        f (as-dyn 2.5)]
+    ;; ── 1. Same kind: the cast is the unbox ──────────────────────────
+    ;; An int box to every integer width, and a float box to both floats.
+    ;; None of these warns: the box holds what was asked for.
+    (print (i64 i))
+    (print "\n")
+    (print (i64 (i32 i)))
+    (print "\n")
+    (print (i64 (u32 i)))
+    (print "\n")
+    (print (i64 (u8 i)))
+    (print "\n")
+    (print (f64 f))
+    (print "\n")
+    (print (f64 (f32 f)))
+    (print "\n")
+
+    ;; ── 2. Cross kind: it converts, and warns once for the site ──────
+    ;; (f64 int-box) is 7 -> 7.0, the same widening (f64 7) does on a typed
+    ;; operand. (i64 float-box) is 2.5 -> 2, the same truncation toward zero
+    ;; (i64 2.5) does — range-checked by the emitter's own check_cast, because
+    ;; the arm really is that cast with an unbox in front of it.
+    ;;
+    ;; Eight turns of the loop, two sites, two lines on stderr.
+    (dotimes [n 8]
+      (print (f64 i))
+      (print "\n")
+      (print (i64 f))
+      (print "\n"))
+
+    ;; A third site, and the third warning. An int box straight to f32 is one
+    ;; sitofp from i64, which is what (f32 x) on a typed i64 is. Written down
+    ;; because the tempting "fix" — go through f64 and then narrow — rounds
+    ;; twice and is a different number for values an i64 can hold and an f64
+    ;; cannot round to an f32 the same way.
+    (print (f64 (f32 i)))
+    (print "\n"))
+
+  ;; ── 3. And the box that holds no number ──────────────────────────────
+  ;; A bool, which is what the typed parameter boundary already refuses: a dyn
+  ;; holding true does not satisfy an i64 there and does not satisfy (i64 x)
+  ;; here. The runtime owns the message.
+  (print (i64 (as-dyn true)))
+  (print "\n"))