A package may import a package, and may be one file

Three limitations, and the same program wanted all three gone.

An imported package's own imports were refused by name. They are resolved now,
and the qualification flattens to the inner alias: raylib imported by a package
that is itself imported is still rl/..., never sand/rl/.... That is forced, not
chosen — a directory reached along two routes has to arrive under one set of
names or the checker sees every declaration twice — and it is what lets the
dedupe work. A directory is keyed by its real path and read once, which also
ends a cycle: a package that imports itself meets its own entry and contributes
nothing the second time, and since the namespace is flat, mutually dependent
packages simply work. The same directory under two different aliases is
refused, because both cannot be true at once.

main is not exported. A package carrying one would collide with the importer's
the moment anything imported it, so a program could never be a package; and
main is a root, so an imported one keeps everything it calls reachable — for a
raylib front-end, the whole library, on the target that cannot link it. Writing
sand/main is refused at the line that wrote it rather than left to the checker,
which would only say the name is unknown. That is true and useless: the name is
missing on purpose and the message should say which purpose. A package that
calls its own main is refused too — it would silently get the importer's.

And a package may be a single .flan file named outright. sand.flan shares the
repository root with three other loose programs, so naming its directory would
import all four; moving it into a directory of its own would be arranging the
tree around a limitation. A file carries no .c and no link file — those belong
to a directory, and a package that needs them has one.
This commit is contained in:
Joseph Ferano 2026-09-11 20:11:01 +07:00
parent 0e88954664
commit d59c72af60

View File

@ -15,9 +15,19 @@
downstream knows a package existed; the checker sees one flat list of
declarations with names that happen to contain a slash.
That is not a module system yet. There is no visibility, no cycle
detection, and a package cannot import another one milestone 4 needs one
package, imported once, and the rest can wait for a use that exercises it.
A package may import a package. The qualification flattens to the *inner*
alias raylib imported by a package that is itself imported is still
[rl/...] because a directory reached along two routes has to arrive under
one set of names or the checker sees every declaration twice. Two importers
of one directory load it once, keyed by its real path; the same directory
under two different aliases is refused, and so is a cycle.
Visibility is one rule so far: [main] is not exported. A package carrying
one would collide with the importer's, and worse, would keep everything it
calls reachable (see [Reach]) which for a raylib front-end is the whole
library, on the target that cannot link it. Package-private markers for
anything else are still missing, which is why [rl/get-color-raw] is
callable.
A package may also carry the C it binds to. Every [.c] file in the
directory is compiled into the build, and a file named [link] lists extra
@ -67,16 +77,27 @@ let rec find_collection dir name =
let parent = Filename.dirname dir in
if String.equal parent dir then None else find_collection parent name
(* A package is a directory, or a single [.flan] file named outright. The file
form is for the program that is also a library: sand.flan sits beside three
other loose .flan files, so naming its directory would import all four, and
moving it into one of its own would be arranging the tree around a
limitation. A file carries no [.c] and no [link] those belong to a
directory, and a package that needs them has one. *)
let is_package_file path =
Filename.check_suffix path ".flan" && Sys.file_exists path
&& not (Sys.is_directory path)
let resolve_dir ~file loc path =
let here =
let d = Filename.dirname file in
if Filename.is_relative d then Filename.concat (Sys.getcwd ()) d else d
in
let ok d = (Sys.file_exists d && Sys.is_directory d) || is_package_file d in
match split_path path with
| None, rel ->
let d = Filename.concat here rel in
if Sys.file_exists d && Sys.is_directory d then d
else fail loc "no package directory at %s" d
if ok d then d else fail loc "no package at %s — wanted a directory or a \
.flan file" d
| Some collection, rel ->
(match find_collection here collection with
| None ->
@ -85,8 +106,7 @@ let resolve_dir ~file loc path =
there is none" collection collection here
| Some root ->
let d = Filename.concat root rel in
if Sys.file_exists d && Sys.is_directory d then d
else fail loc "the package %s is not at %s" path d)
if ok d then d else fail loc "the package %s is not at %s" path d)
let entries dir suffix =
Sys.readdir dir
@ -254,58 +274,290 @@ let qualify_decl owned alias (d : Ast.decl) : Ast.decl =
ret = Option.map (rename_texpr owned alias) fn.Ast.ret;
fbody = List.map (rename_expr owned alias bound) fn.Ast.fbody }
| Ast.Package _ -> Ast.Package alias
| Ast.Import _ ->
fail loc "an imported package may not import another one yet (milestone 4)"
(* A package's own imports were resolved before this ran and are not in
the list it is given, so one arriving here is a bug in [import] rather
than anything a user wrote. *)
| Ast.Import (a, _) ->
fail loc "internal: the import of %s was not resolved before qualifying" a
| Ast.Defunion (n, _) ->
fail loc "%s is a union, and an imported union is not implemented yet \
(milestone 4)" n
in
{ d with Ast.d = k }
(* ── Visibility ────────────────────────────────────────────────────── *)
(* The one rule so far: [main] is not a name a package offers.
There is a single top-level namespace and an import is a rename into it
(check.ml), so a package carrying a [main] would collide with the importer's
the moment anything imported it a program could never be a package. And
the collision is the smaller half. [main] is a *root*: [Reach] starts there,
so an imported one keeps everything it calls alive. A raylib front-end
imported for its simulation would drag the whole library back in, on the
target that cannot link it, which is the thing the reachable-link change
exists to prevent.
So the package's [main] is dropped rather than qualified, and [alias/main]
is not a name. Everything else is still exported; package-private markers
are a separate gap (NEXT.md, Packages [rl/get-color-raw] should not be
callable either). *)
let exported n = not (String.equal n "main")
(* Where a name is *used*, which is what a refusal has to point at. A rename
does not need this it rebuilds the tree and the failure is a mismatch
later but "you cannot see that name" has to name the line that tried.
Only top-level name positions are collected: a field, a keyword, an enum
member and a restart name are none of them, exactly as in the rename above.
Local bindings are not tracked, because the names this guards are ones no
local can be called: a [let] named [sim/main] does not parse. *)
let rec texpr_uses acc (t : Ast.texpr) =
match t.Ast.t with
| Ast.Tname n -> acc := (n, t.Ast.tloc) :: !acc
| Ast.Tslice e -> texpr_uses acc e
| Ast.Tarray (l, e) ->
(match l with Ast.Lname n -> acc := (n, t.Ast.tloc) :: !acc | Ast.Lint _ -> ());
texpr_uses acc e
| Ast.Tmap (k, v) -> texpr_uses acc k; texpr_uses acc v
| Ast.Tapp (_, args) -> List.iter (texpr_uses acc) args
| Ast.Tfn (ps, r) -> List.iter (texpr_uses acc) ps; texpr_uses acc r
let rec expr_uses acc (e : Ast.expr) =
let go = expr_uses acc in
let gos = List.iter go in
match e.Ast.e with
| Ast.Int _ | Ast.Float _ | Ast.Byte _ | Ast.Str _ | Ast.Kw _ | Ast.Quote _
| Ast.InvokeRestart _ -> ()
| Ast.Var n -> acc := (n, e.Ast.loc) :: !acc
| Ast.Do body -> gos body
| Ast.Let (bs, body) ->
List.iter
(fun (b : Ast.binding) ->
Option.iter (texpr_uses acc) b.Ast.bty; go b.Ast.bval)
bs;
gos body
| Ast.If (c, t, e') -> go c; go t; Option.iter go e'
| Ast.While (c, body) -> go c; gos body
| Ast.Return v -> Option.iter go v
| Ast.Set (p, v) -> place_uses acc e.Ast.loc p; go v
| Ast.Field (t, _) -> go t
| Ast.Call (h, args) -> go h; gos args
| Ast.Match (sc, arms) ->
go sc; List.iter (fun (a : Ast.arm) -> gos a.Ast.body) arms
| Ast.Struct (n, kvs) ->
acc := (n, e.Ast.loc) :: !acc;
List.iter (fun (_, v) -> go v) kvs
| Ast.Arr items -> gos items
| Ast.Fn (_, body) -> gos body
| Ast.Dotimes (_, n, body) -> go n; gos body
| Ast.Defer body -> gos body
| Ast.Unwrap (_, v) -> go v
| Ast.Signal (_, c) -> go c
| Ast.RestartCase (body, clauses) ->
go body;
List.iter (fun (c : Ast.rclause) -> gos c.Ast.rbody) clauses
| Ast.HandlerBind (clauses, body) ->
List.iter
(fun (c : Ast.hclause) -> texpr_uses acc c.Ast.hty; gos c.Ast.hbody)
clauses;
gos body
(* A place carries no location of its own, so it borrows the [set] form's. *)
and place_uses acc loc (p : Ast.place) =
match p with
| Ast.Pvar n -> acc := (n, loc) :: !acc
| Ast.Pfield (t, _) -> expr_uses acc t
| Ast.Pindex (t, idx) -> expr_uses acc t; List.iter (expr_uses acc) idx
| Ast.Pderef t -> expr_uses acc t
let decl_uses acc (d : Ast.decl) =
let field (f : Ast.field) = texpr_uses acc f.Ast.fty in
let fn (f : Ast.fn) =
List.iter field f.Ast.params;
Option.iter (texpr_uses acc) f.Ast.ret;
List.iter (expr_uses acc) f.Ast.fbody
in
match d.Ast.d with
| Ast.Package _ | Ast.Import _ | Ast.Defenum _ -> ()
| Ast.Defalias (_, t) -> texpr_uses acc t
| Ast.Defstruct (_, fs) -> List.iter field fs
| Ast.Defunion (_, vs) ->
List.iter (fun (v : Ast.variant) -> List.iter field v.Ast.vfields) vs
| Ast.Defn f -> fn f
| Ast.Declare (f, _) ->
List.iter field f.Ast.params;
Option.iter (texpr_uses acc) f.Ast.ret
| Ast.Defvar (_, t, init) ->
Option.iter (texpr_uses acc) t;
(match init with Ast.Init v -> expr_uses acc v | _ -> ())
| Ast.Defconst (_, t, v) ->
Option.iter (texpr_uses acc) t; expr_uses acc v
let uses (ds : Ast.decl list) =
let acc = ref [] in
List.iter (decl_uses acc) ds;
List.rev !acc
(* The refusal, by name and at the line that tried. [hidden] maps a name that
cannot be seen to the reason it cannot. *)
let refuse_hidden hidden ds =
if hidden <> [] then
List.iter
(fun (n, loc) ->
match List.assoc_opt n hidden with
| None -> ()
| Some why -> fail loc "%s" why)
(uses ds)
(* Every top-level name the package declares — types and values alike, since a
use site is rewritten by name and the two never collide in one namespace. *)
let owned_names (ds : Ast.decl list) =
List.filter_map Ast.declared_name ds
let import ~loc alias dir =
let files = entries dir ".flan" in
if files = [] then fail loc "the package at %s has no .flan file" dir;
let ds = List.concat_map (fun f -> Parse.program (Reader.read_file f)) files in
let owned = owned_names ds in
let decls = List.map (qualify_decl owned alias) ds in
let lflags =
let path = Filename.concat dir "link" in
if not (Sys.file_exists path) then []
else begin
let ch = open_in path in
let rec go acc =
match input_line ch with
| line ->
let line = String.trim line in
go (if line = "" || line.[0] = '#' then acc else line :: acc)
| exception End_of_file -> List.rev acc
in
let r = go [] in
close_in ch; r
end
in
let csrcs = entries dir ".c" in
{ decls; csrcs; lflags;
pkgs = [ { alias; dir; owns = owned; pcsrcs = csrcs; plflags = lflags } ] }
(* The [link] file: extra linker arguments, one per line, blank lines and
comments ignored. *)
let link_flags dir =
let path = Filename.concat dir "link" in
if not (Sys.file_exists path) then []
else begin
let ch = open_in path in
let rec go acc =
match input_line ch with
| line ->
let line = String.trim line in
go (if line = "" || line.[0] = '#' then acc else line :: acc)
| exception End_of_file -> List.rev acc
in
let r = go [] in
close_in ch; r
end
let real dir = try Unix.realpath dir with Unix.Unix_error _ -> dir
(* One package, and whatever it imports.
A package may import a package. The qualification flattens to the *inner*
alias: if sand/ imports vendor:raylib as [rl], the names are [rl/...] in the
finished program and not [sand/rl/...]. That is forced rather than chosen
a directory imported along two routes has to arrive with one set of names,
or the checker sees every declaration twice and it is what makes the
dedupe below coherent.
[seen] is that dedupe, keyed by the real path, so raylib imported by the
program and again by a package it imports is loaded once. It is also what
terminates a cycle, and there is nothing else to do about one: a directory
is entered before it is read, so a package that imports itself directly or
round a ring meets its own entry and contributes nothing the second time.
The namespace is flat, so mutually dependent packages then simply work. *)
let rec import ~seen ~loc alias dir =
let dir' = real dir in
match Hashtbl.find_opt seen dir' with
| Some previous when String.equal previous alias ->
(* Already in, under the same name. Importing it again is a no-op, which
is what lets two packages both depend on a third. *)
{ decls = []; csrcs = []; lflags = []; pkgs = [] }
| Some previous ->
fail loc
"%s is imported as %s here and as %s elsewhere; one directory is one set \
of names, so the two cannot both be true" dir alias previous
| None ->
Hashtbl.replace seen dir' alias;
let one_file = is_package_file dir in
let files = if one_file then [ dir ] else entries dir ".flan" in
if files = [] then fail loc "the package at %s has no .flan file" dir;
let ds =
List.concat_map (fun f -> Parse.program (Reader.read_file f)) files
in
(* [main] is the importer's, always. A package that called its own would
get the importer's instead silently, since the name still resolves
so it is refused here rather than left to mean something else. *)
refuse_hidden
[ ("main",
Printf.sprintf
"the package %s calls main, and main belongs to the program that \
imports it, not to a package" dir) ]
ds;
(* What this package imports, resolved first and relative to itself. Its
declarations come back already qualified under their own aliases, so the
rename below leaves them alone: they are not in [owned]. *)
let nested =
List.filter_map
(fun (d : Ast.decl) ->
match d.Ast.d with
| Ast.Import (a, path) ->
(* Relative to the package itself: for a directory that is the
directory, for a single file the one it sits in. *)
let file = if one_file then dir else Filename.concat dir "." in
let sub = resolve_dir ~file d.Ast.dloc path in
Some (import ~seen ~loc:d.Ast.dloc a sub)
| _ -> None)
ds
in
let own =
List.filter (fun (d : Ast.decl) ->
match d.Ast.d with
| Ast.Import _ -> false
| _ -> (match Ast.declared_name d with
| Some n -> exported n
| None -> true))
ds
in
let owned = List.filter exported (owned_names ds) in
let decls = List.map (qualify_decl owned alias) own in
let lflags = if one_file then [] else link_flags dir in
let csrcs = if one_file then [] else entries dir ".c" in
let here =
{ decls; csrcs; lflags;
pkgs = [ { alias; dir; owns = owned; pcsrcs = csrcs; plflags = lflags } ] }
in
List.fold_left
(fun acc p ->
{ decls = acc.decls @ p.decls;
csrcs = acc.csrcs @ p.csrcs;
lflags = acc.lflags @ p.lflags;
pkgs = acc.pkgs @ p.pkgs })
here nested
(* What an import did *not* bring: the names an importer might reasonably write
and that are not there, each with the reason it is not. *)
let hidden_of (t : t) =
List.filter_map
(fun (p : pkg) ->
let ds =
List.concat_map (fun f -> Parse.program (Reader.read_file f))
(if is_package_file p.dir then [ p.dir ] else entries p.dir ".flan")
in
if List.exists (fun d -> Ast.declared_name d = Some "main") ds then
Some (qualify p.alias "main",
Printf.sprintf
"%s is not a name: %s declares a main, and a main is an entry \
point rather than something a package offers"
(qualify p.alias "main") p.dir)
else None)
t.pkgs
(* ── The one entry point ───────────────────────────────────────────── *)
let program ~file (decls : Ast.decl list) : t =
List.fold_left
(fun acc (d : Ast.decl) ->
match d.Ast.d with
| Ast.Import (alias, path) ->
let dir = resolve_dir ~file d.Ast.dloc path in
let p = import ~loc:d.Ast.dloc alias dir in
{ decls = acc.decls @ p.decls;
csrcs = acc.csrcs @ p.csrcs;
lflags = acc.lflags @ p.lflags;
pkgs = acc.pkgs @ p.pkgs }
| _ -> { acc with decls = acc.decls @ [ d ] })
{ decls = []; csrcs = []; lflags = []; pkgs = [] }
decls
let seen = Hashtbl.create 8 in
let t =
List.fold_left
(fun acc (d : Ast.decl) ->
match d.Ast.d with
| Ast.Import (alias, path) ->
let dir = resolve_dir ~file d.Ast.dloc path in
let p = import ~seen ~loc:d.Ast.dloc alias dir in
{ decls = acc.decls @ p.decls;
csrcs = acc.csrcs @ p.csrcs;
lflags = acc.lflags @ p.lflags;
pkgs = acc.pkgs @ p.pkgs }
| _ -> { acc with decls = acc.decls @ [ d ] })
{ decls = []; csrcs = []; lflags = []; pkgs = [] }
decls
in
(* Said here rather than left to the checker: [sim/main] would otherwise be
"unknown name", which is true and unhelpful the name is missing on
purpose and the message should say which purpose. *)
refuse_hidden (hidden_of t) t.decls;
t