Joseph Ferano
96ab4c9cf0
print-str, print-i64, print-f64, print-bytes, print-line and newline leave the prelude. print and println are the whole printing surface now, and print is the better call at every one of the sites that used them: it is the same structural walk without the newline, so the no-newline case the family was kept for is covered, and it takes the value as it is. The old print-i64 forced an explicit (i64 x) at every call site, because this language widens nothing implicitly; that cast is gone from 127 places. Dropping it moves one answer. hash-grid returns u64, and the cast through the signed printer showed sand-headless's hash as -2851001042534928384. print routes a u64 through flan_u64_to_bytes, so it now prints 15595743031174623232 — the same 64 bits, read as the unsigned number they are. The pinned expectation follows the correction. test-flan-dev.el and test_session.ml both reached for print-line as "a name the prelude has"; they reach for rand-seed instead.
109 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
109 lines
3.9 KiB
Plaintext
;;;; Destructuring in a let: Clojure's binding forms over Flan's shapes.
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;;;;
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;;;; A struct stands in for Clojure's map, so {:keys [x y]} and {inner :field}
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;;;; read fields off one; a fixed array stands in for its sequence, so [a b]
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;;;; and [a b & rest] read elements out of one. None of it is a new form: it
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;;;; all desugars in parse.ml into the Let, (.field x), at and slice that were
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;;;; already there, which is why this program is the test that it works — the
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;;;; typed IR has nothing in it a pattern could be hiding in.
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;;;;
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;;;; The case that matters most here is `calls`. A pattern binds several names
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;;;; from one value, and that value is bound to a temporary *first*, so a
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;;;; pattern over a call calls it once. Delete the temporary and every name
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;;;; re-evaluates the initialiser: this program prints the call count, so that
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;;;; mistake changes the output instead of hiding in it.
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(defstruct Point [x i32 y i32])
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(defstruct Line [a Point b Point])
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(defvar calls i32)
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(defn make-point [] Point
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(set calls (+ calls 1))
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(Point {:x 3 :y 4}))
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(defn show2 [label string a i32 b i32]
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(print label)
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(print " ")
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(print a)
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(print " ")
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(print b)
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(println ""))
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(defn main [] i32
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;; :keys, the common case: one name per field, spelled as the field is.
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(let [{:keys [x y]} (Point {:x 1 :y 2})]
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(show2 "keys" x y))
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;; The pair form, which is what renames and what nests — a :keys entry is a
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;; field name and never a pattern.
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(let [{a :x b :y} (Point {:x 10 :y 20})]
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(show2 "pairs" a b))
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(let [l (Line {:a (Point {:x 5 :y 6}) :b (Point {:x 7 :y 8})})]
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(let [{{:keys [x y]} :b} l]
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(show2 "nested" x y))
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;; A pattern may shadow the very name it destructures, because the value is
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;; read into a temporary before any of the names are bound.
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(let [{l :a} l]
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(show2 "shadow" (.x l) (.y l))))
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;; A later binding sees an earlier pattern's names, as in any let.
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(let [{:keys [x]} (Point {:x 100 :y 0})
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doubled (* x 2)]
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(show2 "sequential" x doubled))
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;; A fixed array names every element. The count is checked against the type,
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;; so [a b] over a [3 i32] is a compile error and not a silent prefix.
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(let [xs [11 22 33]
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[a b c] xs]
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(print "array ")
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(print a) (print " ")
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(print b) (print " ")
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(print c) (println ""))
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;; & rest is the tail as a slice, which is an ordinary (slice xs n (len xs))
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;; over a local — nothing new, and nothing that outlives the array.
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(let [xs [1 2 3 4 5]
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[head & tail] xs]
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(print "rest ")
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(print head) (print " ")
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(print (len tail)) (print " ")
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(print (at tail 0)) (print " ")
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(print (at tail 3)) (println ""))
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;; The tail may be empty: naming every element and then asking for the rest
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;; is a zero-length slice, not an error.
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(let [xs [9 8]
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[p q & rest] xs]
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(print "empty-tail ")
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(print (+ p q)) (print " ")
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(print (len rest)) (println ""))
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;; Patterns nest through each other: a struct inside an array.
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(let [ps [(Point {:x 1 :y 2}) (Point {:x 3 :y 4})]
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[{:keys [x]} {y :y}] ps]
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(show2 "nested-in-array" x y))
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;; A tail of something wider than a machine word. The corpus slices arrays of
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;; i32, u8 and f32 and nothing else, so this is the one place the desugared
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;; (slice xs n (len xs)) has to get a struct's stride right rather than a
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;; scalar's.
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(let [ps [(Point {:x 1 :y 2}) (Point {:x 3 :y 4}) (Point {:x 5 :y 6})]
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[first & others] ps]
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(print "struct-tail ")
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(print (.x first)) (print " ")
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(print (len others)) (print " ")
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(print (.y (at others 0))) (print " ")
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(print (.x (at others 1))) (println ""))
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;; Evaluate-once. Two patterns, two calls, four names — one call per pattern.
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;; Without the temporary each of the four names would call it again: 4, not 2.
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(let [{:keys [x y]} (make-point)
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{a :x b :y} (make-point)]
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(print "calls ")
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(print calls) (print " ")
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(print (+ x (+ y (+ a b))))
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(println ""))
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0)
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