99-problems/README.org
2022-12-29 22:26:13 +07:00

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#+TITLE: 99 Ocaml Problems
#+Author: Joseph Ferano
https://ocaml.org/problems
*** #1 - Tail of a list
Write a function ~last : 'a list -> 'a option~ that returns the last element of a
list
#+begin_src ocaml
# last ["a" ; "b" ; "c" ; "d"];;
- : string option = Some "d"
# last [];;
- : 'a option = None
#+end_src
**** Solution
#+begin_src ocaml
let rec last = function
| [] -> None
| [x] -> Some x
| _::xs -> last xs
#+end_src
*** #2 - Last two elements of a list
Find the last but one (last and penultimate) elements of a list.
#+begin_src ocaml
# last_two ["a"; "b"; "c"; "d"];;
- : (string * string) option = Some ("c", "d")
# last_two ["a"];;
- : (string * string) option = None
#+end_src
**** Solution
#+begin_src ocaml
let rec last_two = function
| [] | [_] -> None
| [x;y] -> Some (x,y)
| _::xs -> last_two xs
#+end_src
*** #3 - N'th element of a list
Find the N'th element of a list.
REMARK: OCaml has List.nth which numbers elements from 0 and raises an exception
if the index is out of bounds.
#+begin_src ocaml
# List.nth ["a"; "b"; "c"; "d"; "e"] 2;;
- : string = "c"
# List.nth ["a"] 2;;
Exception: Failure "nth".
#+end_src
**** Solution
#+begin_src ocaml
let rec nth index = function
| [] -> failwith "nth"
| x::xs -> if index = 0 then x else nth (index - 1) xs
#+end_src
*** #4 Find the number of elements of a list.
OCaml standard library has List.length but we ask that you reimplement it. Bonus for a tail
recursive solution.
#+begin_src ocaml
# length ["a"; "b"; "c"];;
- : int = 3
# length [];;
- : int = 0
#+end_src
**** Solution
#+begin_src ocaml
#+end_src